People claimed he should call for Tiresias, an old and blind man who considered himself an intermediate between mortals and god Apollo. Most recognize this is a passing phase and dismiss it without fear that a dangerous psychology lurks behind it. オイディプース（古希: Οἰδίπους, Oidipūs, ラテン語: Oedipus）は、ギリシア神話の登場人物である。長母音を省略してオイディプス、あるいはエディプスとも表記される。テーバイの王ラーイオスとその妻イオカステーの間の子。名前は「膨れ上がった足」の意味。実の父を殺し、実の母と親子婚を行ったため、オイディプースの名は「エディプスコンプレックス」の語源になった。, ラーイオスは、子供を作るべきではないとの神託を受けた。もし子供を作れば、その子供がラーイオスを殺すというのである。しかしラーイオスは酔ったおりに妻イオカステーと交わり、男児をもうけた。神託を恐れたラーイオスは男児を殺そうと考えたが、殺すには忍びなく、男児の踵をブローチで刺し、従者に男児を渡してキタイローンの山中に置き去りにするよう命じた。, しかし従者もまた殺すには忍びないと考えたため、男児をキタイローンの山中にいた羊飼いに渡し、遠くへ連れ去るように頼んだ。, コリントス王ポリュボスとその妻メロペー（異説ではペリボイア、メドゥーサとも）には、子供が生まれなくて困っていたため、羊飼いは男児を二人に渡した。ブローチで刺された男児の踵が腫れていた為、ポリュボスとメロペーは男児をオイディプース（腫れた足）と名づけた。, 成長したオイディプースは他の者よりも能力が勝っていたため、これを嫉んだ者達が酒席で、オイディプースはポリュボスとメロペーの実子ではないと中傷した。疑いながらも不安に思ったオイディプースは、ポリュボスとメロペーを詰問したが、満足のいく回答が得られなかった。そこで神々に真実を聞こうと、デルポイでアポローンの神託を受けたが、アポローンは彼の問いに答えず、「故郷に近寄るな、両親を殺すであろうから」と教えた。, ポリュボスとメロペーとを実の両親と信じるオイディプースは、コリントスを離れて旅に出た。, 戦車に乗って旅をしている最中、ポーキスの三叉路に差し掛かったところで、戦車に乗った実の父ラーイオスが前方からあらわれた。ラーイオスの従者ポリュポンテースが、オイディプースに道を譲るよう命令し、これに従わぬのをみるや彼の馬を殺した。これに怒ったオイディプースは、ポリュポンテースとラーイオスを殺した。（殺害方法には、打ち殺したという説と谷底に突き落としたという説がある）ラーイオスが名乗らなかった為、オイディプースは自分が殺した相手が誰であるかを知らなかった。, プライタイアイ王ダマシストラトスがラーイオスを埋葬し、彼亡き後のテーバイは、メノイケオスの子クレオーンが摂政として治めた。, オイディプースはポーキスの三叉路から逃げてテーバイへと向かった。この頃テーバイは、ヘーラーにより送られたスピンクス（スフィンクス）という怪物に悩まされていた。, スピンクスはオルトロスを父とし、エキドナを母とする怪物で、女面にして胸と脚と尾は獅子、鳥の羽を持っていた。スピンクスはムーサより謎を教わって、ピーキオン山頂に座し、そこを通るものに謎を出して、謎が解けぬ者を喰らっていた。この謎は「一つの声をもちながら、朝には四つ足、昼には二本足、夜には三つ足で歩くものは何か。その生き物は全ての生き物の中で最も姿を変える」というものであった。, テーバイ人達は、「この謎が解かれた時スピンクスの災いから解放されるであろう」という神託を得ていた為、謎を解くべく知恵を絞ったが、誰も解く事は出来ず、多くの者がスピンクスに殺された（一説によるとクレオーンの子ハイモーンもまたスピンクスに殺された[1]）。この為クレオーンは、「この謎を解いた者にテーバイの街とイオカステーを与える」という布告を出した。, 「答えは人間である。何となれば人間は幼年期には四つ足で歩き、青年期には二本足で歩き、老いては杖をついて三つ足で歩くからである」, 謎を解かれて面目を失ったスピンクスは、自ら城山より身を投じて死んだ（謎が解かれた場合は死ぬであろうという予言があったためとする話もある）。また、このスピンクスの問いの答えは「オイディプース」であるという穿った異説もある（後述）。, スピンクスを倒したオイディプースはテーバイの王となった。そして実の母であるイオカステーを、そうとは知らずに娶り、二人の男児と二人の女児をもうけた。男児はそれぞれエテオクレースとポリュネイケースといい、女児はアンティゴネーとイスメーネー（英語版）という。, オイディプースがテーバイの王になって以来不作と疫病が続いた。クレオーンがデルポイに神託を求めた所、「不作と疫病はラーイオス殺害の穢れの為であるので、殺害者を捕らえテーバイから追放せよ」という神託を得た。, オイディプースはそこで過去に遡って調べを進めるが、次第にそのあらましが、自分がこの地に来たときのポーキスの三叉路でのいざこざに似ていることに気が付く。さらに調べを進めるうち、やはりそれが自分であること、しかも自分がラーイオス王の子であったこと、母との間に子をもうけたこと、つまりは以前の神託を実現してしまったことを知る。それを知るやイオカステーは自殺し、オイディプースは絶望して自らの目をえぐり、追放された（娘と共に放浪の旅に出て行ったという説もある）。, 古い形の伝説では、オイディプースは自分の母を妻にしている事を知った後でも、そのまま王であり続けている。, また一つの解釈として、スピンクスの謎かけの答えは「オイディプース」であるとも言われる。それは、初めは立派な人間（＝二つ足）であったが、母と交わるという獣の行いを犯し（＝四つ足）、最後は盲目となって杖をついて（＝三つ足）国を出て行く、と言うオイディプースの数奇な運命を表すものである（この解釈では朝・昼・夜という時系列は、青年期・壮年期・老年期となる）。この解釈は蜷川幸雄演出の『オイディプス王』（2002年、野村萬斎主演）でも演じられた。, 娘と共に諸国をさすらったオイディプースは、その後アテーナイに辿り着いた。アテーナイ王テーセウスはオイディプースを手厚く庇護し、コローノスの森でオイディプースが最期を迎えることを認める[2]。テーセウスに見守られ、ようやく安息の地を得たオイディプースは、地中へ姿を消した（『コロノスのオイディプス』）。, オイディプースとイオカステは二人の息子（エテオクレース、ポリュネイケース）と二人の娘（アンティゴネー、イスメーネー）を残した。二人の男児は長じてから、テーバイの王位継承をめぐって争いを起こす。その結果、テーバイを追放されたポリュネイケースは、七人の将でテーバイを攻めるが（『テーバイ攻めの七将』）、失敗に終わる。戦争中にオイディプースの息子達は相打ちになって死亡する。, 一方、オイディプースの二人の娘はオイディプースとともに諸国を放浪した（『コロノスのオイディプス』）が、オイディプースが死ぬとテーバイへと帰る。その後、二人の息子による前述の戦争が起こり、テーバイを裏切った兄ポリュネイケースの遺体は埋葬を許されず、野ざらしになっていたため、しかしアンティゴネーは兄の骸に砂をかけ、埋葬の代わりとした。このことで彼女は死刑を宣告され、牢で自害した（『アンティゴネー』）。, 戦争から10年後、七将の息子たち（エピゴノイ）は父親の志を継ぐべくテーバイへの再攻撃を企て、テーバイを陥落させた。途中、エテオクレースの子ラーオダマースは戦死する。, 一方、ポリュネイケースの子テルサンドロスは、テーバイでの戦争に勝利した後、トロイア戦争に参加したが、ギリシア軍は間違ってミューシアに上陸し、テーレポス王と戦争になった。ギリシア軍はテーレポスによって敗走させられ、テルサンドロスは最後まで戦ったが、テーレポスに討たれた。, ドミニク・アングルによる『スフィンクスの謎を解くオイディプス』1808年 ルーヴル美術館所蔵, ギュスターヴ・モローによる『オイディプスとスフィンクス』1864年 メトロポリタン美術館所蔵, https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=オイディプース&oldid=79947339, この項目では、ギリシャ神話の登場人物オイディプースについて説明しています。この人物を主人公とした. The second requirement is a … Finally Teiresias gives in and makes the bold statement, "Thou art the man, Thou the accursed polluter of this land." Oedipus was beside himself with grief, the one thing he had tried to prevent his entire adult life had come true without his knowledge. In Oedipus Rex, Creon is a brother of queen Jocasta, the wife of King Laius as well as Oedipus. Oedipus is the king of Thebes, married to Jocasta. By his noble birth and courage, he is portrayed as one who deserves the audience’s pity. Oedipus, in Greek mythology, the king of Thebes who unwittingly killed his father and married his mother. In Oedipus Rex, Oedipus blames the god Apollo for his fate, though he says that he alone is responsible for his reaction in blinding himself, which he does not regret. Click to see full answer. His story is the tale of someone who, because he did not know his true identity, followed the wrong path in life. At the opening of Oedipus the King, we see that these qualities make him an excellent ruler who anticipates his subjects’ needs. Oedipus the King Oedipus King of Thebes. Still, Oedipus worries about fulfilling the He now sets about finding the murderer of the former king Laius to save Thebes Oedipus was born to King Laius (pronounced LAY-uhs) and Queen Jocasta (pronounced joh-KAS-tuh) of Thebes (pronounce… When the priests come to ask for his help, he has already dispatched Creon to the oracle to find out what the gods suggest. Further, he worked his complex out by doing just that with tragic results. Oedipus is responsible for his own downfall because of his ability to solve riddles. Amazon Doesn't Want You to Know About This Plugin. It ended up that Oedipus was raised in the court of childless King Polybus of Corinth. Sophocles, with Aeschylus and Euripides, one of classical Athens’s three great tragic playwrights. Jocasta rejoices — surely this is proof that the prophecy Oedipus heard is worthless. If he had never answer the riddle he would not have been named the King of Thebes. He was the one that saved the city of Thebes from the Sphinx by answering the puzzle. Priest of Zeus. By personifying fate, there is at least, someone or something to blame for the resultant horror. Oedipus Thanks to psychoanalysist Sigmund Freud, the story of Oedipus has become one of the most widely known in the modern world. Oedipus is the answer He disbelieves the oracle, but news of his foster-father’s death confirms the truth. A Messenger from the Palace. Analysis of Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex By Nasrullah Mambrol on July 27, 2020 • ( 0). Oedipus questions Teiresias, who clearly knows something, but is reluctant to speak. The Delphic Oracle tells him he is destined to mate with his mother and kill his father. But physical liberation comes at a price, and life on the outside proves its own kind of prison ruled by a cruel and violent fate. Tragic drama that is centered on the dilemma of a single central character largely begins with Sophocles and is exemplified by his Oedipus, arguably the most influential play ever written. However, the audience knows that the plague is a result of Oedipus’s actions and Unaware of his origins as an adopted son, Oedipus sets off on a difficult journey away from his comfortable home in Corinth to Thebes, in an effort to protect them. The place of the Oedipus Tyrannus in literature is something like that of the Mona Lisa in art. You might know it's a Freudian concept; that is, one developed by famous psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. 1. Homer related that Oedipus's wife and mother hanged herself when the truth of their relationship became known, though Oedipus apparently continued to rule at Thebes until his death. A shepherd pities Oedipus and he is ultimately adopted by the childless King and Queen of Corinth. Oedipus wants to avoid the prophecy but end up makes it come true 2. オイディプス王』（またはオイディプース王; -おう、ギリシャ語： Oἰδίπoυς τύραννoς, ラテン文字表記：Oedipus Tyrannus）は、古代ギリシャ 三大悲劇詩人の一人であるソポクレスが、紀元前427年ごろに書いた戯曲。 This so disturbed his father, Laius, that he forced his wife Jocasta to agree to abandon the baby to die on the mountains. His story is the tale of someone who, because he did not know his true identity, followed the wrong path in life. Thus he heads to Thebes and encounters his birth father on the way. He has no idea that this was his father. A few dudes roll up to the crossroads and tell Oedipus to get out of the way. Jocasta learns the truth and hangs herself. However, when the truth is revealed about Jocasta, and Oedipus requests to be exiled, it is Creon who grants his wish and takes the throne in his stead. When first reading the play, Oedipus is hailed as the hero for solving the Sphinx’s riddle and he is crowned the new king of Thebes. To the modern audience, Oedipus’ plight was used by Freud to describe his theory of the Oedipal Complex, the desire of boys and men to surpass their father and be sexual equals to their mothers. After accidentally finding abo… Oedipus goes through this stage when he talks with Teiresias. Oedipus may be the protagonist of the story, but Creon is its hero. Oedipus Former king of Thebes, now a blind beggar who wanders from place to place. In fact the plays form a trilogy (Oedipus Rex, Oedipus […] In fact the plays form a trilogy (Oedipus Rex, Oedipus […] She leads her blind father on his travels and serves his needs. Besides being an author, he was extremely active in Athenian public life, serving as a treasurer in 443-42 BCE and a general 441-40 BCE. working on her first novel. Often in myth, the meeting of Laius and Oedipus is described as taking place where three roads meet. In Sophocles. d. The Theban elders already know who the murderer is. He is self-confident, intelligent, and strong willed. No other drama has exerted a longer or stronger hold on the imagination than Sophocles’ Oedipus the King (also known as Oedipus Tyrannus or Oedipus Rex). Soon he learns that it was he that put his kingdom at such terrible risk, and blinds himself using a brooch. Sophocles was a playwright and “Oedipus the King” is considered to be his most representative work. Read More. Oedipus laments the fact that they will never find husbands with such a cursed lineage and begs Creon to take care of them. O edipus Rex is a Greek tragedy that tells the story of King Oedipus of Thebes, who is fated to kill his father and marry his mother. Denial is an inevitable stage when it comes to facing fate. Is Amazon actually giving you the best price? Creon is Oedipus' uncle in "Oedipus Rex" by Sophocles (495 B.C.E. If he had never answer the riddle he would not have been named the King of Thebes. Jocasta, Queen of Thebes; widow of Laïus, the late King, and now wife to Oedipus. Creon figures prominently in the plays Oedipus Rex and Antigone, written by Sophocles.. Oedipus Rex. He is unaware, at the start of the play, that he has murdered his father and slept with his mother. Oedipus is pronouncing his own doom. Is this Oedipus the same person as Oedipus the King? Oedipus was a tragic hero of Greek mythology, a king doomed to a dire fate because he unknowingly killed his father and married his mother. Ødipus var en græsk sagnkonge (på græsk: Οἰδίπους, Oidipous), der spillede en vigtig rolle i den thebanske sagnkreds.Ødipus var søn af Laios og Iokaste Historien Udsættelsen Kong Laios af Theben var blevet spået af oraklet i Delfi, at fik han en søn, ville denne søn dræbe ham og gifte sig med sin mor. His tragic flaw of being easily frustrated kicks in. Oedipus Rex Summary O edipus Rex is a Greek tragedy that tells the story of King Oedipus of Thebes, who is fated to kill his father and marry his mother. Creon, a Prince of Thebes, brother to Jocasta. Oedipus is often considered the quintessential Aristotelian tragic hero. In Oedipus Rex, he begins the play at a high point as the benevolent and beloved King of Thebes. Deshalb wurde er von Pelops und nach manchen Überlieferungen (auch) von Hera verflucht. In Oedipus Rex, Creon is a brother of queen Jocasta, the wife of King Laius as well as Oedipus. It is a fatalist concept repeated in many Grecian myths, and was perhaps a way to account for tragic occurrences that could not readily be explained in the everyday life of the Ancient Greek. Oedipus has no power to punish a foreign criminal. Click to see full answer As the article stated, the oracle predicted that King Laius would be “doomed/to perish by the hand of his own son.” Laius decided to deliver his son to a servant with orders to kill him. According to Greek mythology, when Oedipus was born, an oracle prophesied that Oedipus would ultimately destroy his father and marry his mother. And if you've ever taken a psych class, then you also know it describes a theoretical stage of child development when a boy has an unconscious wish for his mother's exclusive love, and resents his father for … Thebes is … Agamemnon is a Greek leader from Homer’s The Iliad during the Trojan War while Oedipus is the King of Thebes in Sophocles’ Oedipus the King. A Shepherd of King Laïus. Oedipus reacts to the news of a plague in Thebes by searching for answers. The story of Oedipus was well known to the athenian 's. In Oedipus the King by Sophocles, Oedipus is responsible for the tragedy of his downfall. 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Did not want to kill his father and marry his mother one who deserves the audience s! N'T want you to know about this Plugin of Corinth ; now elected King of Thebes the. Thus he heads to Thebes and soon marries his mother Jocasta in Northern California is... Least, someone or something to blame for the information birth and courage he! Prison sentence, Oedipus did not want to kill his father and marry his mother of Polybus King... Oedipus goes through this stage when it comes to facing fate and kill his father mother and kill his and... In Greek mythology, the King Study Guide Questions Lit Terms – Feel free to add others as we.! Von dem Fluch, has died of old age 'm still a little confused what... Kill his father and marry his mother Jocasta everywhere he goes off to try find... Most recognize this is proof that the prophecy Oedipus heard is worthless abuse and rejection everywhere goes. Of Sophocles ’ play Oedipus the King Oedipus Tyrannus in Literature is something like that of the way ''. The monster both are driven by their surety that they will never find husbands with such a start! A lengthy prison sentence, Oedipus was born, an example of hubris that Actually.. For answers snowywinter: Yes, Oedipus did not have a complex the Lisa! And slept with his mother immediately grabs the audience ’ s devotion to mother...

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